CLINICAL NOTES

Introduction to Vitamin: Vitamin may be defined as organic compounds occurring in small quantities in different natural foods and necessary for growth and maintenance of good health in human beings and in experimental animals. Vitamins are essential food factors, which are required for the proper utilization of the proximate principles of food like carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. All the vitamins are usually available in an ordinary Indian diet. The vitamins are mainly classified in to two: 1. The fat soluble vitamins are A,D,E and K 2. Water soluble vitamins are B complex and C . Vitamin A: It is a fat soluble . The active form is present only in animal tissues. The pro-vitamin, beta - carotene is present in plant tissues. One molecule of beta-carotene can theoretically give rise to two molecules of vitamin A. Vitamin A has a beta- ionone (cyclohexenyl) ring system. Three different compounds with vitamin A activity are retinol (vit.A alcohol), retinal (vit A aldehyde) and retinoic...

     Cardiac Marker:              Cardiac marker are biomarkers measured to evaluate heart function.     Cardiac biomarkers are substance that are released into the blood when the heart is damaged or stressed.     They are tested when myocardial infraction (MI) is suspected.     The markers are normally present at all times however, they are significantly elevated during a damage of the heart muscle.     If MI is suspected , enzyme markers are drawn several times usually 6 hrs apart.     They are few different enzymes and their levels are elevated hours after the initial heart damage.     Troponin- Contractile Protein.       Two Types- Troponin-T and Troponin-I          Troponin - T                 Found in the cardiac marker and skeletal muscle, elevated during Kidney and skeletal muscle ...